CEEMDAN-decomposed time series forecasting of reported hepatitis B cases using KOA-optimised deep learning: a nationwide study in mainland China (2004–2027)
Background Hepatitis B remains a leading notifiable infection in mainland China, with a persistent burden shaped by chronic reservoirs, varied immunity, and shifting surveillance practices. Reliable short- to medium-term forecasts of reported hepatitis B cases are therefore valuable for planning diagnostics, care pathw...