Author

Lang Pan

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Sep 2026

Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics reveal that Lolium rigidum ABCC3.2 contributes to multiple herbicide resistance.

The widespread application of glyphosate has resulted in the evolution of glyphosate resistance in Lolium rigidum. This study investigated the resistance mechanism in an Australian population of L. rigidum, designated WALR60. Transcriptome sequencing coupled with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses identified significant upregulation of ABCC3.2, ABCB11, and ABCC13 in the WALR60 population compared to susceptible controls. Structural analysis revealed that LrABCC3.2 lacks the N-terminal TMD0 domain present in its homolog LrABCC3.1, representing a core ABC transporter. LrABCC3.2-transformed yeast cells exhibited enhanced tolerance to glyphosate, as compared to the empty vector control. Similarly, rice calli and seedlings overexpressing ABCC3.2 (ABCC3.2-OE) showed increased glyphosate resistance relative to the corresponding GFP-overexpressing (GFP-OE) controls. Additionally, the LrABCC3.2-OE lines displayed resistance to haloxyfop and pinoxaden. Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of transgenic rice revealed that LrABCC3.2 overexpression significantly enriches the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, with positive correlations between the expression of GPAT3, PLDα2, PLA14 and the accumulation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and choline. Comparative transcriptome analysis between resistant L. rigidum and LrABCC3.2-OE rice identified 10 commonly upregulated and 18 commonly downregulated genes, indicating a conserved detoxification mechanism. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ABCC3.2 overexpression contributes to glyphosate resistance in the WALR60 population and elucidates a potential downstream metabolic pathway involved in this trait.

Yu-Lan Ouyang, Jin-Feng Ying, Ya-Lin Zeng et al. · Pesticide Biochemistry and P... · 0 citations

Jul 2026

TSR and peroxidase genes confer resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and mesosulfuron-methyl in Alopecurus aequalis.

BACKGROUND Alopecurus aequalis poses severe threat to global wheat production due to evolving resistance to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)- and acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides. In this study, the resistance mechanisms of a field-evolved resistant population (R) were systematically investigated using dose-response bioassays, target-site gene sequencing, inhibitor assays, antioxidant enzyme activity measurements, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and yeast functional validation. RESULTS Dose-response results revealed that the R population exhibited moderate resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (RI = 9.58) and low-level resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl (RI = 3.07). Cross-resistance testing indicated that the R population was resistant to other ACCase-inhibiting herbicides (haloxyfop-P-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, clethodim, and pinoxaden) and the ALS-inhibiting herbicide rimsulfuron. Target-site sequence analysis identified two mutations in the R population: Ile-1781-Leu (ACCase) and Pro-197-Ser (ALS1). Pretreatment with the cytochrome P450 and GST inhibitor did not reverse resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl or mesosulfuron-methyl. Compared to the susceptible (S) population, the R population had significantly lower H2O2 content and higher activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), indicating an enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses identified three POD-annotated contigs (PODSPC4, POD12-1, POD12-2) that were upregulated in the R population. Yeast heterologous expression validated that AaPOD12-1 and AaPOD12-2 significantly increased yeast resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and mesosulfuron-methyl. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that resistance in the R population is co-mediated by target-site mutations and non-target-site resistance involving enhanced ROS scavenging, with AaPOD12-1 and AaPOD12-2 representing the first functionally characterized antioxidant enzyme genes associated with herbicide resistance in A. aequalis. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

You Zhan, Youcheng Luo, Huan Lu et al. · Pest Management Science · 0 citations