Mathematical Modeling and FEM Based Numerical Simulations of Seepage and Heat Transfer Dynamics between the Rock Matrix and a Single Fracture Using Ternary Hybrid Nanofluids
This study quantifies this thermal exchange numerically using ternary hybrid nanofluids (gold, copper, and alumina nanoparticles suspended in water) as the working fluid and investigates the coupled seepage and heat transfer behaviour of these through a single smooth fracture. A two-dimensional coupled thermo-hydraulic...