Genome-wide analysis of genetic modifiers of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis risk in response to tobacco smoking.
BACKGROUND Gene-environment interactions (GxE) are fundamental for understanding the mechanisms of human diseases. Tobacco smoking is of particular interest for Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as it worsens Crohn's disease (CD) but protects against ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we systematically examined the genome-...