Author

Justin Shenk

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Oct 2026

Better Call Reward: Reward Hacking as Strategic Abstention in Legal Reasoning Models

What happens when a legal AI model learns to look like a lawyer instead of reasoning like one? We fine tune Qwen3-8B with Group Relative Policy Optimisation (GRPO) against a proxy built from three surface features: citation count, legalese density, and response length. The model does not learn to reason more effectivel...

Subramanyam Sahoo, Justin C. Shenk · 0 citations

Preprint Jul 2026

The Knowing-Saying Gap: When Probes See Errors that Confidence Misses

Probe-based monitoring is a necessary complement to verbalised confidence, but no single intervention dominates, and the deployable answer is model-aware, error-type-aware routing.

Jyotin Goel, Ipshita Bandyopadhyay, Justin Shenk · 0 citations