Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Mining-Induced Surface Disturbance and Backfilling in Open-Pit Coal Mines Across China’s Arid and Desert Regions (1990–2023)
Open-pit coal mining in arid and desert regions causes extensive and persistent surface disturbance, yet long-term monitoring of disturbance and backfilling processes remains challenging. Existing time-series change detection approaches can identify spectral changes but provide limited information on mining disturbance...