Respuesta agronómica de Phaseolus vulgaris L. a la aplicación de VIUSID® Agro y a la fertilización química
Introduction. The use of biostimulants has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance common bean productivity. Objective. To evaluate the effect of different chemical fertilization levels combined with foliar application of VIUSID¨®Agro on the morpho-productive variables of bean, as well as analyze their relationships through a multivariate approach. Materials and methods. Between December 2021 and March 2022, in Sancti Spíritus, Cuba, an experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement and five replications and five replications. Three levels of chemical fertilization were combined with two doses of VIUSID®Agro to evaluate the morpho-productive variables. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). Results. The application of V₂, compared with V₁, increased plant height by 14, 11, and 7%, leaf area by 22, 15, and 11%, fresh biomass by 17, 15, and 18%, and dry biomass by 12, 13, and 18% under Fq₃, Fq₂, and Fq₁, respectively. V₁ outperformed V₂ in reproductive performance, increasing the number of pods by 32, 25, and 15%, seed mass by 13, 8, and 10%, and grain yield by 17, 15, and 18% under Fq₃, Fq₂, and Fq₁, respectively. Yield was positively correlated with seed mass and number of pods, while the first two principal components explained more than 70 % of the total variability, indicating an integrated response of the production system. Conclusions. The application of VIUSID¨®Agro decreased fertilization by 25 % and increased bean productivity.