John Maggio

An exact identity between electromagnetic and scalar vacuum response on circular worldlines

**v1.3 (9/21/2026]) — scope and prior-art correction. No computed value changes.** An external literature check and an independent derivation found two things. (1) The Letter's master identity,G_EM = −2 ∂²_s G_sc, is not specific to circular motion: in Feynman gauge it holds for every worldline in flatspacetime (three-...