Review
Open access
Aug 2026
Spatial intelligence in vision-language models: a comprehensive survey
This survey provides a comprehensive and unified overview of recent advances in spatial intelligence for VLMs, summarize core concepts behind spatial reasoning in VLMs, analyze why spatial failures occur, and organize existing solutions into a clear framework spanning prompting-based techniques, model improvements, explicit 2D cues, 3D enrichment, and data-driven strategies.
Disheng Liu, Tuo Liang, Zhe Hu et al.
· Artificial Intelligence Revi... · 7 citations