Polygalic acid produces rapid antidepressant effects via modulation of hippocampal inflammation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in mice.
It is demonstrated that polygalic acid produces ketamine-like rapid antidepressant effects specifically through the resolution of chronic neuroinflammatory dysregulation and BDNF restoration, however, the presence of acute inflammatory activation nullifies its therapeutic efficacy, establishing neuroinflammatory contex...