Improved PSO-INC Algorithm for Maximum Power Point Tracking of Landscape-Oriented Photovoltaic Modules Under Dual-Peak Partial-Shading Conditions
Under partial-shading conditions, landscape-oriented photovoltaic (PV) modules can exhibit dual- or multi-peak power–voltage (P–V) characteristics, which may trap conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms at local optima. A 60-cell full-cell PV module model incorporating bypass diodes was established,...