Echinocystic acid alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through PPARγ-dependent modulation of microglial polarization and pyroptotic signaling.
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) worsens outcomes after ischemic stroke, yet effective pharmacological interventions remain limited. Echinocystic acid (EA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the fruits of Gleditsia sinensis Lam., has shown neuroprotective activity in CIRI, but its direct molecular tar...