Density and Spectral Criteria for Universal Nonuniform Sampling of Positive Operator Orbits
We characterize locally finite sets \(T\subset[0,\infty)\) that preserve exact observability from nonnegative integer times for every bounded positive operator \(A\) and bounded observation operator \(C\). The Stein identity reduces universality to uniform upper and lower bounds on radial Stein--Pick cones over all fin...