Reliability Assessment of Machine-Learning Automated Valuation Models : Apartment-Complex Holdout Validation in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
This study evaluates the reliability of machine-learning automated valuation models (AVMs) when repeated apartment-complex observations are explicitly controlled. AI-based AVMs refer here to random forest, LightGBM, and XGBoost, which are compared with an unpenalized hedonic OLS benchmark using 129,237 apartment transa...