OBJECTIVES
For cochlear implant (CI) patients, reliable predictors of speech outcome are desirable. In this longitudinal study, we examined the contributions of spectro-temporal sensitivity to successful speech recognition following cochlear implantation.
DESIGN
We assessed N = 46 recently implanted adult patients shortly after CI activation (T1) and 6 months later (T2) with an adaptive ripple discrimination paradigm where dynamic ripples varied around the temporal rate of 4 Hz and spectral scale of 0.5 cyc/oct. At time points T1 and T2, we evaluated speech-in-quiet recognition using the Freiburg number and monosyllabic word test. The Oldenburg speech-in-noise test was administered 1 year after implantation (T3) to a subset of N = 36 CI recipients.
RESULTS
Shortly after implantation (T1), temporal ripple discrimination thresholds predicted speech-in-noise recognition 1 year later (T3; Pearson's r = 0.51). In a linear model predicting 1-year speech-in-noise outcome, the predictors temporal or spectral thresholds at T1 and age performed better than speech measures such as Freiburg wordrecognition.
CONCLUSIONS
A simple spectro-temporal ripple discrimination test is a reliable predictor of speech-in-noise outcome 1 year after cochlear implantation, over and above established clinical speech tests. It offers an efficient method in clinical settings to improve the early prediction of speech outcome.
J. Erb, Malte Wöstmann, Jens Kreitewolf et al.· Ear and Hearing· 0 citations
Abstract Background Early adolescence marks a critical period for the onset of psychiatric symptoms, with 50% of mental disorders emerging before age 18. Recent evidence points to individuals being born preterm and/or with low birth weight (henceforth, PTB) having an increased risk of developing mental disorders in adolescence. Surprisingly, existing early detection and intervention strategies in adolescence are not tailored to PTB needs and profiles. The previous use of several disorder-specific instruments complicates unified, efficient screening. Methods We analyzed data on the frequency of experiencing mental health challenges from 225 adolescents aged 10-14 years (M = 12.03 years) who were born very PTB (M = 28.03 weeks, M = 999.62 g) to test the applicability of the diagnostic system for mental disorders for children and adolescents – III (DISYPS-III) to PTB adolescents. Results A confirmatory factor analysis replicated the DISYPS-III’s factorial structure and internal consistency for 10- to 14-year-old PTB adolescents. Overall, PTB adolescents reported significantly more mental health challenges than the DISYPS-III community norm sample. The instrument’s transdiagnostic scales provided a better relative fit to these challenges compared to the disorder-specific scales. Results also replicated specific findings of mental health challenges from other PTB cohorts and countries, such as a higher number of comorbidities in adolescents officially diagnosed with the inattentive presentation (ADD) of ADHD. Conclusions These findings of an elevated psychological burden suggest a need for structured PTB screening of long-term mental health outcomes in adolescence that also includes 10-year-old PTB individuals, with the DISYPS-III being a suitable screening instrument.
E. Greif, Frederike Schröpfer, Jekaterina Dudko et al.· European psychiatry· 0 citations
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