Review
Open access
Oct 2026
Scale formation mechanism and green strategies for its prevention and control
Scale formation is a common operational problem in aqueous, industrial and oilfield systems where dissolved mineral ions exceed their solubility limits and precipitate as solid deposits. This manuscript reviews the mechanisms of scale formation, the factors influencing deposition, the major types of scale, and the appr...
Ifeanyi F. Udorji, A. Obike, J. Igwe et al.
· Discover Chemistry · 0 citations