Immunomodulatory effects of ultrasonically lysed Bifidobacterium breve on Pam3CSK4-stimulated J774A.1 macrophages via SIRT1/NRF2 activation and NF-κB suppression.
BACKGROUND Bacterial lysates, which contain cell wall components and intracellular metabolites, have emerged as important modulators of macrophage immune function through interactions with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Ultrasonication is an effective technique for extracting these bioactive constituents. The go...