Optimization of fine-grained powder addition for strengthening and wear resistance in heterostructured 2219 Al alloys fabricated by powder metallurgy
High-performance 2219 Al-Cu alloys are urgently required for lightweight aerospace structures, yet conventional powder metallurgy alloys often show limited strength–ductility synergy and inadequate wear resistance. In this study, heterogeneous grain-structured 2219 Al-Cu alloys were fabricated by introducing differen...