Discussion forums as pedagogical tools for enhancing self-regulated learning in online higher education: Evidence from Makerere University
The rapid growth of online and blended learning has increased the importance of selfregulated learning (SRL) as a key factor in student success. This study examined how discussion forums on the Makerere University E-Learning Environment (MUELE) support the development of SRL skills among online students. Guided by social constructivist theory and Zimmerman’s cyclical model of SRL, the study adopted a mixed-methods and design-based research approach. Data were collected from students, instructors, and the LMS administrator through questionnaires and interviews. Findings revealed that discussion forums strongly support behavioural and collaborative dimensions of SRL, particularly time management and peer learning. However, metacognitive dimensions such as goal setting, help-seeking, and self-evaluation were less consistently supported. Based on the findings, the study developed a framework emphasizing student orientation, instructor training, guided peer feedback, staggered deadlines, and learning analytics. The study concludes that discussion forums can enhance SRL when supported through intentional pedagogical design and active facilitation.