Multi-level evidence reveals a possibly vital role of H+-pyrophosphatase in the energetic metabolism of dinoflagellate resting cysts.
The identified and characterized an H⁺-PPase gene (SaH-PPase) from the cosmopolitan bloom-forming dinoflagellate Scrippsiella acuminata and the findings provide novel molecular insights into the survival mechanisms of resting cysts and lay a foundation for understanding the physiological adaptations of dinoflagellates in natural benthic habitats.