Analytical Optimization of BLDC Motor Magnetic Parameters for Electric Vehicles Using the Whale Optimization Algorithm: PSO Comparison and Cost Analysis
In this study, the magnetic design parameters of brushless DC (BLDC) motors for electric vehicle applications remanent flux density (Br), magnet coverage ratio (α), and air-gap length (g) are optimized using an analytical framework with the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), withi...