Downscaling SMAP Soil Moisture to 250 m Using Deep Learning Models and Multi-Source Environmental Variables over the Loess Plateau
Soil moisture (SM) is a key variable in land–atmosphere interactions, but the coarse spatial resolution of existing SM products limits their applications in regional hydrological studies over heterogeneous terrains. This study developed and evaluated a progressive deep-learning (DL) downscaling framework (SE-ResNet) to...