Hafiza Zara Mustafa

A two-stage algebraic framework for designing cryptographically strong S-boxes for secure image encryption

A new, two-step approach to the construction of highly nonlinear S-boxes, with group-theoretic underpinnings, and is incorporated into a multi-round grayscale image-encryption scheme based on fixed S-box substitution, key- and nonce-dependent position permutation, SHA-256-based keystream whitening, and a final bidirect...