Fractional-Order Model-Based State-of-Charge and State-of-Power Estimation with Available-Capacity Feedback for Lithium-ion Batteries
Accurate state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-power (SOP) estimation requires consistent treatment of voltage dynamics and available-capacity uncertainty. This study couples a fractional-order equivalent circuit model, a fast multi-innovation unscented Kalman filter SOC observer, and a slow capacity estimator. Self-ada...