Review
Open access
Sep 2026
Immune cell-derived exosomes in cancer: double-edged mechanisms of antitumor immunity and tumor progression
Immune cell-derived exosomes are important mediators of intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment. Their biological effects are influenced by the immune-cell source and activation state, vesicular cargo, recipient-cell type, and tumor context. This review examines immune cell-derived exosomes as bid...
Maryam Firouzi, Angelina Akomea, Mohammad Hasan Jamei et al.
· Frontiers in Immunology · 0 citations