Memristive-Friendly Hadamard Reservoir Computing: Structured, Multiplier-Free Recurrences at Scale
This paper replaces the dense matrix with a structured orthogonal operator, built from sign diagonals, a permutation, and a fast Walsh-Hadamard transform, and shows that exact orthogonality yields an echo state condition that is tight in the recurrent scaling, and a noise response that is predictable at design time.