Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Government Institutions: Ethical Governance, Public Trust, and Risk Management
The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the public sector has led to improved public services, enhanced administrative performance, and strengthened automated decision-making. However, the increasing reliance on AI systems has raised concerns regarding accountability, ethical compliance, privacy protection, transparency, human oversight, and risk management. This study, employing both conceptual and qualitative research methodologies, examines the governance factors and requirements for responsible AI implementation in the public sector. The research methodology includes a comparative analysis of international AI governance frameworks and regulations. The study identifies key dimensions influencing responsible AI implementation, such as accountability, human oversight, ethical governance, legal compliance, risk management, and transparency. The findings demonstrate that the adoption of responsible AI cannot be achieved through technological means alone but also requires a commitment to comprehensive governance mechanisms. Furthermore, the sequential interaction and interdependence of governance factors reduce operational and societal risks, increase transparency and explainability, and foster public trust in the systems. This study contributes to enriching the culture and knowledge of AI governance, and the proposed framework helps government sector leaders develop responsible AI governance in accordance with international standards and regulations.