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Eman M. Hammad

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Preprint Sep 2026

Resilient Control Loops in Autonomous Vehicles Under Adversarial Jamming via Spectral Perception and Network-Layer Failover

The operational integrity of autonomous mobile robots relies on the continuous availability of wireless control loops, making them highly attractive targets for adversarial intentional electromagnetic interference. This paper introduces a resilient, cross-layer framework that combines physical-layer spectral perception with network-layer routing optimization to protect middleware stability, such as ROS2, during intentional electromagnetic interference. Utilizing a software-defined radio front-end, the system extracts dynamic spectral descriptors, including spectral entropy and channel occupancy, to inform a Random Forest classifier that establishes adaptive environmental baselines. To ensure uninterrupted data flow, the architecture maintains dual pre-authenticated physical interfaces in a hot-standby configuration, enabling instantaneous failover through automated network routing table updates. Empirical validation on a physical ROS2 mobile robot testbed demonstrates that this adaptive hardware-assisted architecture optimizes communication recovery to an average of 141ms. This sub-second restoration translates directly into a 78.9% reduction in pooled root-mean-square path tracking error compared to software re-association, successfully securing system-level mission integrity.

L. Barajas, Colin Jeardoe, Jaewon Kim et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

Parameters Overshadowed by Price Lags: Load, Climate, and Calendar Effects in ERCOT Day-Ahead Price Formation

Accurate electricity price forecasting is critical for smart grid stability, yet the heavy reliance on historical price lags in modern predictive models often obscures the fundamental physical drivers of market volatility. This paper proposes a regime-sensitive, explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) framework to unmask the hidden roles of load, climate, and calendar variables in the ERCOT Day-Ahead Market (2014-2024). Utilizing a Histogram-based Gradient Boosting Regressor (HGBR), we introduce a Suppression Ratio to quantify how price lags overshadow physical parameters. Our analysis reveals that while lags provide short-term memory during normal conditions, they fail to capture extreme dynamics; notably, their inclusion increased forecasting error (MAE/RMSE) during price spikes. By isolating these effects, the study revealed that price spikes are not merely the result of continuously rising temperatures, but rather emerge from the system reacting sharply within a specific temperature range. These findings underscore the importance of moving beyond lag-based models to uncover the true drivers of extreme price events.

Yunus Biçen, Eman M. Hammad · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

Towards Cyber-Physical Cognition: A Unified Ontology-Driven Knowledge Graph for Real-Time Autonomous Grid Operations

This paper introduces a universal ontology framework for the operational representation of intelligent cyber-physical power systems via a unified knowledge graph and an ontology capable of cross-domain reasoning, and validates the framework's efficacy for real-time decision support.

Sathvik Sankaranarayanan, Michael Mandulak, Ibrahim Shahbaz et al. · 0 citations
Review Jul 2026

Engineering Trustworthy Agentic AI for Critical Systems

Synthesizing across four constraint-bound engineering domains, agentic AI trustworthiness is shown to be a single problem, with a path outlined toward a reusable, cross-domain assurance framework analogous to the graded certification regimes used by mature safety-critical engineering fields.

Omar Al-Refai, Ibrahim Shahbaz, A. Husseinat et al. · 1 citation

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