Fragmented QRS: Electrophysiological Bases, Pathophysiological Mechanisms, and Clinical Prognostic Significance
Background: Fragmented QRS (fQRS) is characterized by morphological irregularities in ventricular depolarization on a standard 12-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) and is considered a non-invasive indicator of myocardial conduction heterogeneity. Microstructural changes such as non-uniform anisotropy, gap junction r...