Open access
Oct 2026
Spatiotemporal heterologous vaccination relies on type I interferons at priming to enhance mucosal immunity.
Parenteral vaccines against respiratory viruses poorly block infection and transmission due to suboptimal induction of mucosal immunity. In contrast, hybrid immunity and heterologous-route immunization regimens generate protective mucosal and systemic immunity. Herein, we examine how chronological order in heterologous...
Matthew J. Wiest, Gabriel Laghlali, Julianne d'Acunzo et al.
· EMBO Molecular Medicine · 0 citations