Neural audio codecs enable low-bitrate speech compression and tokenization, yet their robustness on accented and multilingual speech remains under-evaluated. We benchmark seven open-source neural codecs (DAC, EnCodec, FocalCodec, LanguageCodec, SemantiCodec, UniCodec, WavTokenizer) on three African speech datasets afri...
C. Okocha, Christan Grant
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Preprint
Aug 2026
It is shown that multi-byte prediction strikes a Pareto-optimal trade-off across multiple generative tasks, instruction following, question answering, summarization, and machine translation, achieving the best trade-off between performance and inference throughput.
Abraham Toluwase Owodunni, C. Okocha, Christan Grant et al.
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The central finding is that aggregate WER hides code switching behavior, and the best system by WER (an ASR model) is statistically indistinguishable from a leading audio LM on WER, yet the audio LM is significantly better on every switch localized metric.
C. Okocha, Christan Grant
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Results show that while ALMs extract high-level meaning from stuttered speech, reasoning degrades significantly with increased usage, and instruction-guided models are instruction-guided to focus on the child, preserve clinically relevant disfluencies, and avoid adult-speech leakage.
C. Okocha, Christan Grant, Zoey Liu
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