A Potential Difference-Driven Cascade Effect of Cathode Biofilm–Plant Physiology Governs the Efficiency-Energy-Risk Trade-Off in Constructed Wetland–Microbial Electrolysis Cells
Conventional potential difference optimization in microbial electrolysis cell-integrated constructed wetlands (ECWs) treating antibiotic-laden wastewater frequently prioritizes single-dimensional removal efficiency, critically overlooking trade-offs with energy consumption and ecological risks. By evaluating four ECW...