Chi Zhang

GradCuit: Credit-Assigned Gradient Flow Enables Robust and Interpretable Test-Time Latent Reasoning

GradCuit (gradient through circuit), which inserts optimizable latent states at a selected Transformer layer between the hidden representations of the prompt and the generated continuation, opens a new axis of robust and interpretable test-time scaling, where LLMs adapt how they reason rather than merely regenerate, sample, or rerank outputs.