Ethanol-assisted assembly of hierarchically structured PVA/TA hydrogels for enhanced hemostasis and antibacterial activity.
Uncontrolled hemorrhage and secondary infections remain major causes of trauma-related mortality, demonstrating the urgent need for multifunctional wound dressings integrating rapid hemostasis, mechanical robustness, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Here, we employ ethanol-assisted solvent-mediated assembly t...