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Chen-Heng Zhang

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Preprint Oct 2026

Geodesically Convex Optimization in Hyperbolic Space: Matching Lower Bounds

We establish matching lower bounds for deterministic first-order optimization of globally Lipschitz geodesically convex functions on hyperbolic space. A global minimizer lies within distance $r$ of a known point, each query returns an exact function value and a selected Riemannian subgradient, and the target objective...

Wen-Dao Wu, Hai-Han Zhang, Chen-Heng Zhang et al. · 1 citation
Preprint Oct 2026

Matching Complexity for Second-Order Stationary Point with Sample Reuse

We consider stochastic nonconvex optimization with sample-wise Lipschitz gradients and Hessians, and reusable opaque sample handles. Gradient and complete-Hessian evaluations are charged separately, including both endpoints of a same-sample difference. For fixed positive problem parameters and in the high-dimensional w...

Qian Chen, Wen-Dao Wu, Hai-Han Zhang et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Oct 2026

Matching Randomized Bounds for Finite-Sum Nonconvex-Concave Optimization

The randomized component-oracle complexity of finite-sum nonconvex-concave optimization with a bounded dual domain is characterized, taking the worst case over admissible known dual domains and finite dimensions.

Wen-Dao Wu, Hai-Han Zhang, Qian Chen et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Oct 2026

Matching Full-Hessian Oracle Complexity for Nonconvex--Strongly-Concave Minimax Optimization

We characterize the oracle complexity of finding first-order stationary points in smooth nonconvex--strongly-concave (NC--SC) minimax optimization when each query provides the full Hessian in addition to the function value and gradient. For $\Phi(x)=\max_y f(x,y)$, assume that $f$ has an $L$-Lipschitz gradient, a $\rho...

Fang-Qing Zhang, Hai-Han Zhang, Wen-Dao Wu et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Oct 2026

Matching Randomized First-Order Bounds for Higher-Order Smooth Nonconvex Optimization

Does randomization improve the worst-case first-order complexity of nonconvex optimization when the objective is very smooth? We prove that, for every fixed finite integer $p\ge3$, finding an $\eps$-stationary point requires $\Omega_p(\eps^{-5/3})$ exact value-and-gradient queries, even for $C^\infty$ objectives with i...

Hai-Han Zhang, Wen-Dao Wu, Fang-Qing Zhang et al. · 0 citations
#machine learning Preprint Oct 2026

Dimension-Optimal Dynamic Regret in Exp-Concave Online Learning

Tracking changing comparators is a central problem in online learning. For exp-concave losses, previous work established the $T^{1/3}P_T^{2/3}$ dependence on the horizon $T$ and Euclidean path length $P_T$ for fixed dimension, while the optimal cost of dimension remained unresolved. We resolve this question by establis...

Yan-Yi Li, Wen-Dao Wu, Hai-Han Zhang et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Oct 2026

The Minimax Cost of Smoothness in Fully First-Order Stochastic Bilevel Optimization

We study the sample complexity of finding a point with expected hypergradient norm at most $\epsilon>0$ in nonconvex--strongly-convex stochastic bilevel optimization using fresh, globally unbiased first-order samples with bounded variance. For lower-variable smoothness order $p\ge1$, F$^2$SA-$p$ achieves $\widetilde O(...

Wen-Dao Wu, Hai-Han Zhang, Chen-Heng Zhang et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Sep 2026

Near-Optimal Exact-Value Zeroth-Order Complexity for Smooth Strongly Convex Optimization

We study deterministic adaptive optimization of globally $\beta$-smooth, $\mu$-strongly convex functions using exact scalar function values. Queries and outputs lie in $B_2^d(R)$, and the minimizer lies in $B_2^d(R/2)$. Set $\kappa=\beta/\mu$, $Q=\beta R^2/\epsilon$, and $D_d=(d/\log(ed))^{1/3}$. For sufficiently large...

Wen-Dao Wu, Hai-Han Zhang, Chen-Heng Zhang et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Sep 2026

Matching Lower Bounds for Randomized First-Order Methods in Hessian-Lipschitz Nonconvex Optimization

We establish a randomized first-order lower bound for finding an $\epsilon$-stationary point, $\|\nabla f(x)\|\le \epsilon$, of a nonconvex function with initial gap at most $\Delta$, $L_1$-Lipschitz gradient, and $L_2$-Lipschitz Hessian. Each oracle call returns the exact function value and gradient. Let $Q_{\mathrm{r...

Hai-Han Zhang, Wen-Dao Wu, Chen-Heng Zhang et al. · 1 citation
Preprint Sep 2026

Tool Retrievers Are Underestimated: Annotation Expansion Reveals True Capability

The proposed ToolEX (Tool Equivalent eXpansion), a framework that automatically discovers and annotates the tool combinations functionally equivalent to the labeled ones, and confirms that the one-to-one problem extends beyond tool retrieval.

Yan-Yu Zhu, Chen-Heng Zhang, Shao-Shen Chen et al. · 0 citations
Preprint Sep 2026

Joint Lower Bounds for Zeroth-Order Nonconvex Optimization on Euclidean Balls

We prove a joint stochastic zeroth-order lower bound for Goldstein stationarity on a Euclidean query ball, even when the ball is guaranteed to contain a stationary point. In dimension $d$, let $f=\mathbb{E}[F(\cdot;\xi)]$, assume $\mathbb{E}[\operatorname{Lip}(F(\cdot;\xi))^2]\le L_0^2$, and bound the initial objective...

Hai-Han Zhang, Wen-Dao Wu, Chen-Heng Zhang et al. · 2 citations · ⚡1
Preprint Sep 2026

Matching Upper and Lower Bounds for Higher-Order Nonconvex Finite-Sum Optimization

We establish tight randomized higher-order oracle complexity for finding first-order stationary points of nonconvex finite sums. Let $n$ be the number of components, $\Delta>0$ the initial objective-gap bound, $L_p>0$ an individual $p$-th derivative Lipschitz bound, and $\epsilon>0$ the target gradient norm. For every...

Wen-Dao Wu, Hai-Han Zhang, Chen-Heng Zhang et al. · 1 citation

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