Background: Yield improvement in hybrid rice depends on identifying component traits that are reliably associated with productivity.
Aims: This study aimed to determine the nature and magnitude of genotypic associations and to assess the direct and indirect effects of yield-attributing traits on single-plant yield in rice.
Study Design: The experimental material comprised 39 F₁ hybrids, three CMS lines (evaluated through their respective maintainer lines), 13 restorer lines, and four checks. The hybrids were developed during Kharif 2025 using a Line × Tester mating design and evaluated in a Randomised Block Design with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: The hybrids were developed during Kharif 2025 and evaluated during Rabi 2025–2026 at the experimental farm of ICAR–Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad.
Methodology: Observations were recorded for eight traits: days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), number of productive tillers, panicle length (cm), number of filled grains per panicle, spikelet fertility (%), thousand-grain weight (g), and single-plant yield (g).
Results: Among the traits studied, the number of productive tillers exhibited the highest positive correlation with single-plant yield (r = 0.72, P < 0.01), followed by plant height (r = 0.45, P < 0.01), panicle length (r = 0.34, P < 0.01), and days to 50% flowering (r = 0.29, P < 0.05). Path coefficient analysis revealed positive direct effects on single-plant yield through the number of productive tillers (0.66987), panicle length (0.14114), number of filled grains per panicle (0.13347), and plant height (0.09584), indicating their contribution to yield improvement.
Conclusion: Therefore, prioritising the number of productive tillers, panicle length, and number of filled grains per panicle as key selection criteria could facilitate the development of high-yielding hybrid rice cultivars and contribute to sustainable improvements in rice productivity.
C. Sankaran, Ch. Damodar Raju, K. Sruthi et al.· Journal of Advances in Biolo...· 0 citations
Aim: This study aims to characterise physical, milling, cooking and physicochemical grain-quality variation among WA-CMS-derived rice hybrids and identify combinations with balanced quality performance across three environments.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Rajendranagar, Kampasagar and Kunaram, Telangana, India, during kharif 2025.
Methodology: Thirty-six F1 hybrids developed from three wild-abortive cytoplasmic male-sterile lines and twelve fertility restorers were evaluated with their parents and four checks in randomised block designs with three replications. Thirteen grain-quality traits were assessed from pooled multi-environment data. Pearson correlation, principal-component analysis and an equal-weight exploratory balanced-quality index were used to examine trait relationships and identify broadly desirable combinations.
Results: Wide variation was observed for milling percentage (55.00-75.67%), head rice recovery (45.72-61.20%), kernel length (4.79-6.73 mm), kernel length/breadth ratio (2.12-3.20), kernel length after cooking (7.73-9.54 mm), kernel elongation ratio (1.27-1.79), chalkiness (4.93-30.90%), amylose content (19.74-26.08%) and gel consistency (35.19-75.81 mm). RMS-2 × SN-2071 was superior for milling percentage and head rice recovery, whereas RMS-2 × SN-2756 recorded the lowest chalkiness. Milling percentage was strongly associated with head rice recovery (r = 0.96), kernel length was strongly associated with the length/breadth ratio (r = 0.85), and amylose content was inversely associated with gel consistency (r = -0.97). The first two principal components explained 43.9% of total variation. CMS-59 × SN-2183, RMS-2 × SN-2756, CMS-59 × SN-2705, CMS-64 × SN-2183 and RMS-2 × SN-2717 showed the most balanced overall quality profiles.
Conclusion: WA-CMS-derived hybrids exhibited exploitable variation for multiple grain-quality dimensions. The identified balanced-quality combinations merit multi-season validation, sensory assessment and market-class evaluation before advancement in hybrid-rice breeding programmes.
B. Surender, Ch. Damodar Raju, B. L. Prasanna et al.· Journal of Advances in Biolo...· 0 citations
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