Peripheral GALR2 activation by the metabolically stabilized spexin analog LIT-01-144 produces potent opioid‑independent antinociception.
Chronic pain constitutes a major global health burden, and current management remains largely dependent on opioid analgesics, which are associated with opioid use disorder. Accordingly, there is a pressing need to identify non-opioid therapeutic strategies. Galanin receptors (GALR1-3) have been implicated in pain modul...