Multifunctional nanocarriers have emerged as a transformative approach in cancer therapy by overcoming traditional limitations such as systemic toxicity, poor tumor selectivity, and multidrug resistance. This review highlights recent advances in the design and application of customizable nanocarrier systems that integrate targeting, imaging, and combination drug delivery for more personalized and population-specific treatments. We examine major nanocarrier platforms, including lipid-based, polymeric, inorganic, and hybrid systems, with particular emphasis on their tunable physicochemical properties and modular architectures that facilitate adaptation to diverse patient populations, including elderly patients and those with treatment-resistant conditions. Functionalization strategies, such as ligand-mediated targeting and stimuli-responsive release, are discussed in the context of improving site-specific delivery and minimizing off-target effects. The integration of imaging agents enables theranostic functionality for real-time treatment monitoring. We also explore co-delivery systems for synergistic therapies combining chemotherapy, immunomodulation, and phototherapy. Clinical progress, regulatory challenges, and future trends including AI-driven design and bioinspired materials are discussed. This review underscores the pivotal role of multifunctional nanocarriers in advancing precision and inclusive oncology.
Devesh U. Kapoor, Anil Pareek, Jigal Hirawala et al.· Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia· 0 citations
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as versatile nanocarriers for biomedical applications because of their unique physicochemical properties, including high surface area, large pore volume, excellent drug-loading capacity, controllable biodegradation, and facile surface functionalization. These characteristics have enabled the development of advanced drug delivery systems with enhanced therapeutic efficacy, targeted delivery, improved bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity. Recent advances in MSN synthesis, physicochemical properties, surface engineering, and functionalization strategies have significantly improved their biological performance and therapeutic potential. In particular, integrating polymers, lipids, and liposomes with MSN platforms has enhanced colloidal stability, circulation time, cellular uptake, and target specificity, thereby facilitating efficient, stimuli-responsive drug delivery. This review highlights MSN-based drug delivery systems in cancer therapy, where multifunctional nanocarriers enable site-specific delivery, controlled drug release, enhanced tumor accumulation, and reduced off-target effects. The review discusses the expanding roles of MSNs in antimicrobial therapy, wound healing, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, emphasizing their ability to promote localized therapeutic delivery, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. The review discusses the diagnostic and theragnostic capabilities of MSNs for disease imaging and monitoring. It also critically evaluates current challenges related to biocompatibility, biodegradation, toxicity, biological barriers, large-scale manufacturing, clinical translation, and regulatory considerations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress, current limitations, and future opportunities for MSN-based platforms in targeted drug delivery and advanced biomedical applications, supporting their continued advancement toward clinical translation and precision medicine.
Manickam Rajkumar, N. Prathap, V. Kashid et al.· Pharmaceutics· 0 citations
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