Estimation of clear-water scour depth around bridge piers using machine learning techniques
Four machine learning (ML) techniques (artificial neural network with particle swarm optimisation (ANN–PSO), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) and M5 Tree) were used to model scour depth around bridge piers under clear-water scour (CWS) conditions. A total of...