Human Macrophage Polarization Dynamics on a 3D Fibrous Polydioxanone Mesh In Vitro
The host immune response plays a central role in determining biomaterial performance, particularly through early macrophage activation dynamics at the tissue–biomaterial interface. This study evaluated the response of THP-1-derived human macrophages cultured on a fibrous extracellular matrix-like polydioxanone (PDO) me...