Transformer-Enhanced Actor-Critic Reinforcement Learning for Simulation-Based Autonomous Spot-Welding Control of Robotic Manipulators
: This study presents a Transformer-Enhanced Actor-Critic Reinforcement Learning framework for simulation-based control of sequential robotic spot-welding tasks. The method couples a shared temporal encoder with deterministic actor-critic learning, auxiliary safety and process-quality outputs, and a multi-objective rew...