Integrated Algal Biorefineries for Biofuel and Bioplastic Co-Production: Process Performance, Circularity, and Scale-Up.
Algal biorefineries provide a platform for producing fuels, biodegradable materials, and higher-value co-products from the same biomass resource. This review examines integrated pathways that connect microalgal and macroalgal cultivation with biodiesel production, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), anaerobic digestion (A...