Development of starch–alginate–PVA hydrogel beads for encapsulation and sustained delivery of Trichoderma longibrachiatum in Capsicum annuum
Sustainable microbial delivery systems can improve the stability and effectiveness of bioinoculants in agriculture. In this study, a starch–alginate–PVA hydrogel was developed to encapsulate Trichoderma longibrachiatum by ionic gelation. The beads showed uniform spherical morphology, high moisture retention (86.17 ± 1....