Open access
Aug 2026
Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Inflammatory, and Metabolic Biomarkers with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
Background: Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) is a common microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with chronic inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and multiple interacting systemic factors. This study evaluated the associations of inflammatory biomarkers, serum 25-hydroxy...
A. Dascălu, C. Grigorescu, Adriana Georgescu et al.
· Biomedicines · 0 citations