This research examines teacher talk in elementary classes in Manado, Indonesia, focusing on how this verbal practice affects meaning negotiation and classroom interactions. Despite the reform of the latest curriculum driving a more interactive pedagogical approach, empirical research at the elementary school level, par...
Studies on request strategies in academic settings have mostly focused on East Asian or single-national contexts, leaving comparative perspectives from Southeast and Central Asia limited. In particular, little is known about how age, gender, and pragmatic awareness shape students’ communicative behavior across diverse...
Arbain Arbain, Dzul Rachman, S. Meiramova et al.· International Journal of Lan...· 0 citations
This study examines how culture-specific items (CSIs) are translated in EFL contexts through a systematic literature review. Using a PRISMA-based approach, this review analyzed 30 empirical studies published between 2020 and 2025. The studies were identified through structured searches in Scopus, Crossref, Dimensions,...
Arbain Arbain· ACITYA Journal of Teaching &...· 0 citations
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