From Regime Detection to Decision Rules: A Data-Driven Macro-Financial CVaR Framework for European Multi-Asset Portfolios
A data-driven macro-financial framework that combines a four-state Gaussian Hidden Markov Model, estimated on eight weekly macro-financial features, with Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) portfolio optimization across European multi-asset portfolios from January 2000 to April 2026 is developed and evaluated.