Comparison of Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) and comprehensive complication index (CCI) systems for grading of surgical complications in patients with gastroduodenal perforations-a prospective study.
Objective Gastro-duodenal perforation is a life-threatening surgical emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries due to delayed presentation and sepsis. Accurate assessment of postoperative complications is essential for predicting outcomes. While the Clavien...