Gemini 3.1 Pro showed only modest, input-dependent accuracy for lumbar disc herniation detection and a pronounced tendency to over-call pathology, most markedly when a T2 sequence was provided, so the model is not currently suitable as a triage or screening aid.
Luis Rodriguez, Trisha Naidu, N. Chetla et al.· European spine journal· 0 citations
Current evidence does not support autonomous diagnostic, radiographic, or operative decision-making in spine surgery, and future studies should prioritize spine-specific retrieval-augmented systems, validated multimodal workflows, privacy-preserving deployment, fairness assessment, and prospective evaluation using clin...
Samer G. Salman, R. Phadke, Anne E Tatooles et al.· Global Spine Journal· 2 citations
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