Improving soil microbial activity is a critical factor for sustainable agriculture and soil health. This research was conducted to examine the temporal effects of Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation and different fertilizer applications on soil microbial activity. The experiment was conducted under pot conditions with eight different application groups (control, urea, vermicompost, Well-rotted farmyard manure and their combinations with bacterial inoculation). Soil respiration (CO₂ release), dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production capacity were measured weekly during the four-week incubation period. The results showed that organic fertilizer applications increased soil respiration by 46-231% compared to the control. The combination of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and organic fertilizers, especially the combination of Well-rotted farmyard manure (BA+FYM), provided the highest activity values in all parameters. Chemical fertilizer (urea) application showed low activity levels similar to the control group. Soil microbial activity increased rapidly in the first weeks, reached its peak in the third week, and showed a relative decrease in the fourth week. These findings indicate that organic fertilizers and Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation strengthen the soil microbial ecosystem and can be used as an alternative to chemical fertilizers in sustainable agricultural practices.
Ali Sarıoğlu, Şeyma Tuğba Köroğlu· Turkish Journal of Agricultu...· 0 citations
Drought stress severely negatively affects the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) by causing oxidative damage and suppressing physiological functions. While plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) alleviates these effects, the comparative effectiveness of different inoculation techniques has not been adequately investigated. This study investigated the physiological, biochemical, and soil microbiological responses of drought-stressed soybean (50% field capacity) to two Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation methods (conventional seed inoculation (A1) versus direct soil inoculation (A2)). Drought significantly reduced plant biomass, relative water content (RWC), and chlorophyll levels while aggravating markers of oxidative stress (H₂O₂, MDA, and electrolyte leakage). Both inoculation methods reduced drought-induced damage; however, soil inoculation (A2) showed significant superiority. Compared to uninoculated stressed plants, A2 treatment increased fresh and dry weight by 91.7% and 104.3%, respectively, while maximally suppressing lipid peroxidation and preserving cell membrane integrity. Moreover, soil inoculation profoundly increased rhizosphere microbial activity, increasing soil respiration (CO₂) and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) by 110.6% and 86.7%, respectively. In particular, Random Forest machine learning analysis identified soil DHA as the most critical determinant in predicting plant biomass under stress, far outweighing internal oxidative stress indicators. These findings suggest that direct soil inoculation optimizes rhizosphere enzymatic activity and offers a more robust agronomic strategy than seed inoculation for sustainable soybean cultivation in drought-prone regions.
Emine Nur Tuncer, Ali Sarıoğlu· Black sea journal of agricul...· 0 citations
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