CT-derived hounsfield unit mapping for pedicle screw planning in degenerative lumbar disease: a narrative review.
Pedicle screw loosening is a common and clinically significant complication of instrumented lumbar fusion and is reported in 15%-30% of screws in osteoporotic patients. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)-based bone mineral density (BMD) has long served as the standard preoperative assessment tool; however, its wel...